NR507 week 8 Final Exam

NR507 week 8 Final Exam

Why does peripheral neuropathy often develop as a complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus?

Answers: A – D

A Excessive production of insulin leading to nerve damage
B Elevated levels of vitamin B-12 causing neurotoxicity
C Insulin resistance causing inflammation in the peripheral nerves
D Hyperglycemia leading to oxidative stress and nerve damage

Correct Answer: D 

What is the underlying pathophysiology contributing to the development of ascites in cirrhosis of the liver?

Answers: A – D

A Excessive production of liver enzymes
B Portal hypertension
C Impaired bile secretion and cholestasis
D Increased hepatic synthesis of clotting factors

Correct Answer: B 

What role does a family history of depression play in the development of depressive disorders?

Answers: A – D

A It guarantees the development of depression in all family members
B It only affects individuals in the immediate family, excluding extended family members
C It has no impact on the likelihood of developing depression
D It serves as a significant risk factor but does not guarantee the development of depression

Correct Answer: D 

A client reports to the clinic with complaints of fainting and chest pressure upon exercising. During the cardiac exam, the NP notes a sustained, laterally displaced apical pulse and a grade 4/6 mid-systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard loudest at the base and radiating to the neck. An S4 gallop is also auscultated. Based on the client’s symptoms, which of the following is the correct diagnosis?

Answers: A – D

A Mitral stenosis
B Aortic regurgitation
C Aortic stenosis
D Mitral regurgitation

Correct Answer: C 

The NP is examining a client with symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, numbness, and tingling in both lower extremities. Based on the symptoms, what type of anemia is most likely?

Answers: A – D

A Folate deficiency
B Anemia of chronic disease
C Vitamin B-12 deficiency
D Iron deficiency

Correct Answer: C

Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the standard first-line treatment for major depression, what other factors must the NP consider during the initial selection of an antidepressant?

Answers: A – D

  1. Client’s age
    B. All choices are correct
    C. Side effects of the drug
    D. Cost of the drug

✔ Correct answer: B. All choices are correct

Which of the following strategies is commonly recommended for managing panic disorder?

Answers: A – D

  1. Avoidance of all stressors
    B. Caffeine consumption to stay alert and distract from panic thoughts
    C. Limiting physical activity to prevent panic attacks
    D. Slow, diaphragmatic breathing and relaxation techniques

✔ Correct answer: D

Which of the following is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Answers: A – D

  1. Excessive iodine intake
    B. Primary pituitary gland failure
    C. Thyroid tumor
    D. Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto disease)

✔ Correct answer: D

What is the primary cause of polyuria in individuals with type 1 diabetes?

Answers: A – D

  1. Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone
    B. Decreased glomerular filtration rate
    C. Osmotic diuresis caused by elevated glucose levels
    D. Hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

✔ Correct answer: C

A decreased preload can be expected in which of the following patients?

Answers: A – D

  1. A patient with a hemorrhage
    B. A patient who is in fluid overload
    C. A patient with a fever
    D. A patient in pain

✔ Correct answer: A

Which of the following are important considerations when prescribing a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) for an older adult?

Answers: A – D

  1. TCAs may cause weight gain
    B. TCAs may cause insomnia
    C. TCAs may cause polyuria
    D. TCAs may cause weight loss

✔ Correct answer: A

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